Comprehension, Informational Text, Professional Development

How to Help Students Compare Two Informational Texts

Getting students to answer questions about one informational text can be challenging. Asking them to compare two articles on the same topic adds an entirely new level of difficulty.

Students have to understand both passages, determine which details are important, and then explain how the information in the two texts connects. They also need to support their thinking with evidence from both articles.

That is a lot for an upper elementary reader to manage in one written response.

Continue reading “How to Help Students Compare Two Informational Texts”
Comprehension, Conflict in Reading, Elements of Plot, Professional Development, Vocabulary

Identifying Character Traits by Grade Level (A K–8 Progressive List for Teachers and Homeschooling Parents)

If you’ve ever watched a student stare blankly at the question “What kind of person is the main character?” and respond with “nice” or “mean”—no matter how old they are—you’re not alone. Identifying character traits by grade level is one of those skills that can stall out early if we aren’t intentional about building vocabulary alongside it.

That’s actually one of the most common challenges I see, especially around 5th grade. Students who are perfectly capable readers often reach for the same handful of basic words—kind, mean, happy, sad—even when the story clearly calls for something more nuanced. It’s not that they don’t understand the character. They just don’t have the vocabulary to describe what they’re seeing. And without the right words, deeper analysis stalls before it even starts.

This post is designed to fix that. Below, you’ll find a grade-by-grade progression of character trait vocabulary from kindergarten through 8th grade, along with simple teaching strategies to help students not just memorize words, but actually use them when reading, writing, and discussing literature.

Continue reading “Identifying Character Traits by Grade Level (A K–8 Progressive List for Teachers and Homeschooling Parents)”
Comprehension, Conflict in Reading, Elements of Plot

Teaching Story Elements and Plot Structure in Upper Elementary

When we begin teaching story elements in upper elementary classrooms, we are helping students understand one of the most important foundations of reading comprehension. Many students can read the words in a story fluently but struggle to explain what actually happened. One of the best ways to support comprehension is by helping students understand the plot structure that organizes narrative texts.

In grades four through six, students begin reading more complex stories with multiple events, character motivations, and developing conflicts. When teachers explicitly focus on teaching story elements and how those elements fit into the plot structure, students gain a clear framework that helps them understand and remember what they read.

This framework is especially powerful during shared reading and guided reading, where teachers can model how readers recognize the different parts of a story as it unfolds.

Continue reading “Teaching Story Elements and Plot Structure in Upper Elementary”
Comprehension, Read Aloud

Teachers Reading Aloud Improves Reading Comprehension for All Students

If you’ve ever watched a room full of distracted students suddenly become quiet the moment you start reading aloud, you’ve seen the power of read-alouds in action. Reading aloud isn’t just a cozy classroom tradition—it’s one of the most effective reading comprehension strategies for elementary and middle school students.

Whether you teach upper elementary, middle school ELA, or support readers at home, reading aloud supports comprehension, executive functioning, vocabulary development, and engagement in ways silent reading alone cannot.

Let’s break down why reading aloud works—and why it’s especially powerful for students who struggle with reading comprehension.

Continue reading “Teachers Reading Aloud Improves Reading Comprehension for All Students”
Figurative Language, Comprehension

Teaching Idioms, Proverbs, and Adages: Figurative Language Strategies That Actually Stick

Figurative language is everywhere in reading and writing, yet many students struggle to understand what idioms, proverbs, and adages actually mean. These expressions appear often in novels, nonfiction texts, and everyday conversations, but their meanings are rarely literal, which makes them especially confusing for upper elementary and middle school students.

Teaching idioms, proverbs, and adages requires more than quick definitions. Students need clear explanations, examples, and opportunities to explore how figurative language works in context. With intentional instruction, these abstract phrases can become meaningful tools students recognize and use confidently.

Continue reading “Teaching Idioms, Proverbs, and Adages: Figurative Language Strategies That Actually Stick”
ADHD & Focus, Comprehension

Why Students Can Read Fluently but Still Struggle With Reading Comprehension Problems

Have you ever worked with a student who can read smoothly and accurately but still struggles to explain what they just read?

They decode every word.
They finish the chapter.
But when you ask, “What happened?” the response is vague, incomplete, or completely incorrect.

These reading comprehension problems are incredibly common in upper elementary classrooms — and they’re often misunderstood.

For many students, the issue isn’t decoding at all.
It’s executive functioning.

Many reading comprehension problems happen when executive functioning skills make it hard for students to plan, focus, and process text.

Reading Comprehension Problems Aren’t Always About Reading Skills

When students struggle with reading comprehension, we often assume they need more phonics practice, more fluency work, or more exposure to grade-level texts.

Continue reading “Why Students Can Read Fluently but Still Struggle With Reading Comprehension Problems”
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Worksheets
Comprehension, Figurative Language, Read Aloud

Successfully Teaching Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 5th Grade (And Why Your Students Will Love It)

Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is one of those novels that practically teaches itself. It has everything a fifth grader loves: candy, a bit of gross-out humor, clear heroes and villains, and a touch of magic. But as teachers, we know that beneath the candy-coated surface, this book is a goldmine for teaching literary analysis, character development, and descriptive writing.

Read on for 17 similarly themed, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Read Alike Books for your students.

Continue reading “Successfully Teaching Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 5th Grade (And Why Your Students Will Love It)”
ADHD Reading Strategies
ADHD & Focus, Comprehension, Managing Behaviors, Mental Health, Parents, Read Aloud

Lisa Teaches ADHD: Helpful ADHD Reading Strategies and Resources for Teachers and Parents

Read on for a variety of ADHD reading strategies to support your student (or yourself) in becoming a reader who picks up a book and finishes it within a reasonable amount of time.

There are many reasons why a person with ADHD might not finish a book, despite the strong desire to read the content. People with ADHD might struggle to read entire books for many of reasons.

It can be difficult to read long chunks of text while remaining still if they are reading a physical book. Other challenges include the struggle to maintain focus and sustain interest in the book, inattention, poor working memory, as well as challenges with planning and prioritization.

  • Struggle to maintain focus while reading can lead to skipping text, losing your place, and reading without processing the meaning of the text
  • Poor Working Memory creates the challenge of holding onto newly gained vocabulary and information in your mind
  • Planning and prioritizing challenges can be a pattern of obtaining many books about a given topic, starting some and not finishing them
  • Restlessness and hyperactivity creates a challenge in sitting still. Excessive fidgeting can lead to losing a spot on the text while increasing the lack of focus on the text despite the desire to read more about the topic.
  • Losing interest can happen frequently when a book is acquired impulsively or is no longer a compelling read. Object permanence can about be an issue if a book is sitting untouched for a period of time, a person with ADHD can easily forget about the book, despite it being out in the open.
  • Lack of Motivation because reading can feel like a chore. It can be a less stimulating activity than other high dopamine activities, like scrolling social media. This leads to weak follow-through on uninteresting tasks.

With the right ADHD reading strategies, students with ADHD can become successful, independent readers who comprehend a variety of complex texts.

Three ADHD types. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD Reading Strategies to support reading struggles. Landscape medical poster in a pop art style. Editable vector illustration. Colorful informational banner with a creative character
ADHD Reading Strategies can support the three types of ADHD
Continue reading “Lisa Teaches ADHD: Helpful ADHD Reading Strategies and Resources for Teachers and Parents”
Comprehension, Grammar

Successfully Teaching Grammar in Fifth Grade (& How It Improves Reading Comprehension)

Grammar, the bane of every elementary student’s existence. Teaching grammar in fifth grade can be a challenge. It is often a topic that is skipped over or only discussed when publishing a piece of writing in the classroom.

Teaching grammar in fifth grade and in upper elementary can help students not only become better communicators, get a better score on their writing, but helps to improve reading comprehension, vocabulary and language skills.

With the right resources and supports, teachers can successfully teach grammar in fifth grade!

Continue reading “Successfully Teaching Grammar in Fifth Grade (& How It Improves Reading Comprehension)”
Back To School, Comprehension, Elements of Plot

Teaching Internal and External Conflict in Reading

Teaching internal and external conflict is more than just teaching the vocabulary associated with this reading skill. Successfully navigating and understanding the conflict within a story is essentially the reason for going on any reading journey. All stories require conflict, without it there would be no story to tell and it would be boring for the reader to continue.

Giving students the skills to identify internal and external conflict helps increase students skills as independent readers and viewers of any type of story. Read on for tips on how to engage students and introduce internal and external conflict in your next reading lesson.

Continue reading “Teaching Internal and External Conflict in Reading”